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Scientists from IPP-CAAS developed novel herbicide-resistant rice germplasm

 

The production and quality of rice were seriously affected by gramineae mimicry weeds viz. barnyardgrass, moleplant seed, and weedy rice. The dinitroaniline herbi-cides pendimethalin and trifluralin are of great value in control and elimination of gramineous weeds. However, both of them cause serious phytotoxicity to rice. Fortunately, the lately emerging technology of base editing, which induces minor genetic modification of endogenous target genes in crops, open the door to elimination of field weeds and the improvement of rice yield.

Recently, an article titled “Developing a new artificial rice germplasm for dinitroan-iline herbicide resistance by base editing of OsTubA2” was published online in the Plant Biotechnology Journal by Prof. Zhou Huanbin’s research group from IPP-CAAS. This article was about developing new rice germplasm by using base editing method to improve the dinitroaniline herbicide (dimethylpentine and fluralin) resistance, and eventually prevent the phytotoxicity of these herbicides to rice.

In this study, researchers modified the endogenous gene OsTubA2 with a single nucleotide change from T1913 to C using the previous developed adenine base editor rBE14, resulting in substitution of M268T in amino acid sequence. The transgene-free T1 progeny, which is homozygous for OsTubA2(M268T), showed resistance to trifluralin and pendimethalin herbicides without fitness cost. Sequence alignments further revealed that the T1913 site has never been targeted by natural or human selection during rice domestication and this novel SNP could be introduced into most of the major crops rapidly through base editing. In brief, they presented a simple strategy for future crop breeding on resistance to dinitroaniline herbicide.

This work was mainly accomplished by the research group of Prof. Zhou Huanbin at IPP-CAAS. Profs. Zhou Xueping, Li Xiangju, and Wang Xifeng at IPP-CAAS, and Prof. Carl Spetz in Norwegian Bioeconomy Institute also contributed to the work. This study was supported by grants from the Joint Project between NSFC and RCN, and grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key Research and Development Program of China.

 




Copyright:Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 

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